Jabalia refugee camp airstrikes

Significance

From 9 October 2023, the IDF conducted airstrikes against Jabalia refugee camp as part of the broader Gaza War, designating the camp a stronghold for Hamas and other militant groups. The strikes drew international attention to the tension between Israel's stated military objectives — targeting militant infrastructure in densely populated areas — and the humanitarian status of a refugee camp. Within the Gaza campaign, Jabalia became a recurring focus of Israeli air operations, reflecting the IDF's assessment that Hamas had embedded command and logistical presence within civilian population centers.