Israeli blockade of the Gaza Strip (2023–present)

Significance

On 9 October 2023, Israel announced a 'total blockade' of the Gaza Strip following the October 7 attacks, cutting off food, water, medicine, fuel, and electricity. The blockade became a central and contested element of the Gaza War, with Israel linking its removal to the return of hostages held by Hamas. Critics, including 27 European countries and over 100 international aid organizations as of August 2025, condemned the measure as collective punishment and an apparent war crime. The blockade has been credited with contributing significantly to what has been characterized as the Gaza genocide, making it one of the most internationally disputed instruments employed during the conflict.