Red Army invasion of Armenia

Overview

The Soviet invasion of Armenia was a military campaign which was carried out by the 11th Army of Soviet Russia from 29 November to 4 December 1920 in order to install a new Soviet government in the First Republic of Armenia, a former territory of the Russian Empire. The invasion coincided with an invasion by Kemalist Turkey and anti-government insurrections organized by local Armenian Bolsheviks. The invasion led to the dissolution of the First Republic of Armenia and the establishment of the Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic. Militant resistance continued in southern Armenia under Nzhdeh's self-declared Republic of Mountainous Armenia until July 1921.

Overview adapted from Wikipedia, licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0.

Significance

The Soviet invasion of Armenia, carried out by the 11th Army of Soviet Russia in late November and early December 1920, ended the First Republic of Armenia and replaced it with the Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic. The campaign was coordinated with a simultaneous Kemalist Turkish invasion and internal insurrections organized by local Armenian Bolsheviks, compounding pressure on the republic from multiple directions at once. The dissolution of the First Republic marked the re-incorporation of the territory into Soviet control following its brief post-imperial independence. Resistance did not end with the republic's fall: militant forces under Nzhdeh maintained a self-declared Republic of Mountainous Armenia in the south until July 1921, prolonging the contest over Armenian sovereignty into the following year.

Forces & casualties