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ORDER OF BATTLE // January 1, 1941

Battle of Moscow

Estimated force strength by side, with confidence labels per surviving record.

Forces engaged

2 sides catalogued · combined 3,882 estimated

  • Germany

    1,941

    Medium-confidence figure

  • Soviet Union

    1,941

    Medium-confidence figure

Battle context

The Battle of Moscow was fought on a 600 km sector of the Eastern Front between October 1941 and January 1942, comprising two periods of strategically significant combat. Moscow was among the primary military and political objectives for Axis forces in their invasion of the Soviet Union, making its defense a matter of critical importance. The Soviet defensive effort succeeded in thwarting the German attack, denying the Wehrmacht its intended prize. As the capital and largest city of the Soviet Union, holding Moscow carried both material and symbolic weight within the broader Eastern Front campaign.

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Sources (55)

Monograph

Absolute War

Monograph

Red Phoenix

Monograph

The Retreat

Last verified June 2026
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