ORDER OF BATTLE // November 1, 2023
Al-Shifa Hospital Siege
Estimated force strength by side, with confidence labels per surviving record.
Forces engaged
1 sides catalogued · combined 1,000 estimated
Palestinian Joint Operations Room
1,000
Medium-confidence figure
Battle context
Al-Shifa Hospital, described as the largest medical complex in Gaza, became a focal point of the Gaza War when Israeli forces placed it under siege in mid-November 2023. Israel stated that the facility concealed a Hamas command and control center beneath it, framing the operation as targeting military infrastructure embedded within a protected medical site. The episode drew international attention to questions of humanitarian law and the use of civilian infrastructure in urban warfare. A second major Israeli raid on the complex followed in March 2024, indicating that the site retained operational significance across multiple phases of the conflict.
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