BATTLE // Dec 2001
Tora Bora
Eastern Afghanistan · 34.100, 70.700
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Overview
The Battle of Tora Bora occurred from 30 November to 17 December 2001, as part of the United States invasion of Afghanistan during the War in Afghanistan (2001–2021). It took place around the cave complex of Tora Bora in the Safed Koh mountain range, near Afghanistan's eastern border with Pakistan. In the battle, the U.S., U.K., Germany, and allied Afghan troops fought al-Qaeda; the Taliban, who controlled the country's government; and other Islamic extremists.
Overview adapted from Wikipedia, licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0.
Significance
Counterterrorism objectives complicated by terrain and partner reliance
Result
Al-Qaeda leadership escaped contested pursuit
Forces & casualties
Troop strength
- Islamic State of Afghanistan2,500medium
- Al-Qaeda1,500–2,000medium
Islamic State of Afghanistan fielded a 1.4 : 1 numerical advantage
Casualties
- Émirat islamique d'Afghanistan200medium
Commanders (13)
Al-Qaeda
Ayman al-ZawahiriGeneral Emir of Al-Qaeda
Osama bin LadenAmir
- Sufi Muhammad
leader of Tehreek-e-Nafaz-e-Shariat-e-Mohammadi
Islamic State of Afghanistan
Bismillah Khangeneral
- Hazrat Ali
Member of the House of the People of Afghanistan
Michael Boyceadmiral
- Reinhard Günzel
brigadier general
Tommy Franksgeneral
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Related
6 sibling battles · 11 factions