ORDER OF BATTLE // January 1, 0634
Siege of Damascus
Estimated force strength by side, with confidence labels per surviving record.
Forces engaged
2 sides catalogued · combined 35,000–36,000 estimated
Rashidun Caliphate
20,000
Medium-confidence figure
Byzantine Empire
15,000–16,000
Medium-confidence figure
Battle context
The Siege of Damascus was an engagement during the Muslim conquest of the Levant in which Rashidun Caliphate forces numbering approximately 20,000, commanded by Khalid ibn al-Walid, Abu Ubaidah ibn al-Jarrah, Yazid ibn Abi Sufyan, Amr ibn al-As, Shurahbil ibn Hasana, Rafi ibn Umayr, and Ubadah ibn al-Samit, confronted a Byzantine garrison estimated at 15,000 to 16,000. Damascus, as a major urban and administrative center of Byzantine Syria, represented a significant objective within the broader campaign to extend Rashidun control over the Levant. The concentration of multiple senior Rashidun commanders at the siege reflects the operational priority assigned to the city's reduction.
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