CASUALTY RECORD // October 1, 1813
Battle of Vilcapugiou
Estimated casualties — killed, wounded, captured, and missing — by side, with confidence labels per surviving record.
Casualties by side
1 sides catalogued · combined 101–838 estimated
Соединенные провинции
101–838
Medium-confidence figure
Battle context
The Battle of Vilcapugio was a significant reversal for the United Provinces during the second Campaign of Upper Peru. General Manuel Belgrano's force of approximately 3,400 was defeated by Joaquín de la Pezuela's royalist army of roughly 3,500, ending whatever momentum the patriot campaign had built in the region. The defeat weakened the United Provinces' position in Upper Peru and set back efforts to secure the interior against royalist forces loyal to the Viceroyalty of Peru. Coming within the broader Argentine War of Independence, the loss at Vilcapugio demonstrated the difficulty of projecting patriot military power into the Andean interior against a comparably sized and organized royalist force.
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