ORDER OF BATTLE // April 24, 1918
Battle of Viipuri
Estimated force strength by side, with confidence labels per surviving record.
Forces engaged
2 sides catalogued · combined 23,500 estimated
Finnish Whites
18,500
Medium-confidence figure
Finnish Reds
5,000
Medium-confidence figure
Battle context
The Battle of Viipuri, fought 24–29 April 1918, was one of three major urban battles of the Finnish Civil War alongside the battles of Tampere and Helsinki. The White force of approximately 18,500 faced a Red force of around 5,000, and Red casualties reached 11,350—a disparity that reflects the scale of White operational superiority at this stage of the conflict. The battle contributed to the collapse of organized Red resistance in Finland. Its aftermath drew lasting attention: White forces executed up to 400 non-aligned military personnel and civilians of Russian and associated ethnicities, making Viipuri a marker not only of the war's military conclusion but also of its violent political reckoning.
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