ORDER OF BATTLE // September 24, 1907
Battle of Tarafiyah
Estimated force strength by side, with confidence labels per surviving record.
Forces engaged
2 sides catalogued · combined 22,000 estimated
Al Rashid
12,000
Medium-confidence figure
Emirate of Riyadh
10,000
Medium-confidence figure
Battle context
The Battle of Tarafiyah was a major engagement of the Saudi–Rashidi War, fought on 24 September 1907 in the Qassim region between a Rashidi force of 12,000 and an Emirate of Riyadh force of 10,000 under Abdulaziz Ibn Saud. The battle resulted in a Saudi victory, marking a significant moment in the broader contest for control of central Arabia during the unification period. The Qassim region was a strategically contested zone between the two powers, and a Saudi victory there advanced Ibn Saud's campaign to displace Rashidi authority and consolidate the territory that would form the basis of the future Saudi state.
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