CASUALTY RECORD // July 25, 1812
Battle of Ostrovno
Estimated casualties — killed, wounded, captured, and missing — by side, with confidence labels per surviving record.
Casualties by side
2 sides catalogued · combined 5,500 estimated
Russian Empire
2,500
Medium-confidence figure
Kingdom of Naples
3,000
Medium-confidence figure
Battle context
The Battle of Ostrovno on 25 July 1812 resulted in a Russian retreat under General Ostermann-Tolstoy against French forces commanded by Joachim Murat. With French forces numbering approximately 23,000 against roughly 14,000 Russians, the engagement produced significant casualties on both sides — around 2,500 Russian and 3,000 French — before the Russian withdrawal. The battle occurred during the opening phase of Napoleon's invasion of Russia, a period characterized by repeated Russian rearguard actions as French forces pressed eastward. The Russian retreat was consistent with the broader pattern of strategic withdrawal that would define the early campaign, denying Napoleon the decisive engagement he sought while preserving Russian field armies for continued resistance.
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