ORDER OF BATTLE // December 22, 1860
Battle of Naucalpan
Estimated force strength by side, with confidence labels per surviving record.
Forces engaged
2 sides catalogued · combined 19,000 estimated
Liberals
11,000
Medium-confidence figure
Conservatives
8,000
Medium-confidence figure
Battle context
The Battle of Naucalpan, fought on 22 December 1860, was the final engagement of the Reform War between Liberal forces under Jesús González Ortega and Conservative forces under Miguel Miramón. The Liberal army of approximately 11,000 faced a Conservative force of around 8,000. As the concluding battle of the conflict, it effectively ended the three-year civil war that had divided Mexico between Liberal and Conservative factions, settling the contest in favor of the Liberal cause and opening the way for the restoration of Liberal governance under the constitutional order.
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