ORDER OF BATTLE // January 5, 1920
Battle of Daugavpils
Estimated force strength by side, with confidence labels per surviving record.
Forces engaged
2 sides catalogued · combined 48,700 estimated
Poland
22,000
Medium-confidence figure
Russian SFSR
26,700
Medium-confidence figure
Battle context
The Battle of Daugavpils, also known as the Battle of Dyneburg or Operation Winter, concluded the 1919 phase of the Polish–Soviet War. A joint Polish and Latvian force operating under Polish Staff orders attacked the Red Army garrison at Daugavpils between 3 and 5 January 1920, bringing combined operations against Soviet forces in the region to a close for that year. The engagement represented coordinated allied action between Poland and Latvia against the Russian SFSR, with Polish forces under Edward Rydz-Śmigły and Latvian forces under Jānis Puriņš facing a numerically superior Red Army contingent commanded by Vladimir Gittis. Its place in the wider Polish–Soviet conflict marks it as the concluding offensive action of 1919, setting the operational context heading into the more decisive campaigns of 1920.
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