ORDER OF BATTLE // January 1, 1913
Battle of Bizani
Estimated force strength by side, with confidence labels per surviving record.
Forces engaged
2 sides catalogued · combined 76,000 estimated
Greece
41,000
Medium-confidence figure
Ottoman Empire
35,000
Medium-confidence figure
Battle context
The Battle of Bizani was fought in Epirus during the final stage of the First Balkan War, centering on the fortified positions at Bizani that controlled access to Ioannina, the largest city in the region. Greek forces numbering approximately 41,000 faced an Ottoman garrison of around 35,000. Ottoman casualties reached 2,800. The fall of the Bizani forts opened the way to Ioannina, making this engagement the decisive action that determined Greek control over Epirus in the closing phase of the war.
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