ORDER OF BATTLE // -260 BCE
Battle of Agrigentum
Estimated force strength by side, with confidence labels per surviving record.
Forces engaged
2 sides catalogued · combined 71,500–156,000 estimated
Roman Republic
40,000–100,000
Medium-confidence figure
Carthage
31,500–56,000
Medium-confidence figure
Battle context
The Battle of Agrigentum, fought following a siege that began in 262 BCE, was the first pitched battle of the First Punic War and the first large-scale military confrontation between Carthage and the Roman Republic. The Roman victory ended the siege and initiated Roman control of Sicily, marking the opening of what would become Rome's sustained campaign for dominance over the island. As the opening major engagement of the war, the battle established that Rome could contest Carthaginian power in Sicily at the level of set-piece battle, a contest that would define the conflict for the following two decades.
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