ORDER OF BATTLE // September 8, 1925
Alhucemas landing
Estimated force strength by side, with confidence labels per surviving record.
Forces engaged
2 sides catalogued · combined 22,000 estimated
Spain
13,000
Medium-confidence figure
Riffian Republic
9,000
Medium-confidence figure
Battle context
The Alhucemas landing of September 1925 brought the Rif War toward its close, delivering a combined Spanish and French force of some 13,000 troops onto the Riffian coast and threatening Abd el-Krim's position from a direction that broke the strategic deadlock. Facing a defending force of roughly 9,000, the Spanish sustained over 2,300 casualties, indicating the resistance encountered. The operation is identified as the first amphibious landing in history to employ tanks alongside massive seaborne air support, and is regarded as the first successful combined joint operation of the twentieth century. Its techniques and lessons are recognized as precursors to the Allied amphibious landings of World War II, placing Alhucemas at the origin of modern combined-arms amphibious doctrine.
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